LeetCode - Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock IV

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Problem description

description

Say you have an array for which the i-th element is the price of a given stock on day i.

Design an algorithm to find the maximum profit. You may complete at most k transactions.

Note:

  • You may not engage in multiple transactions at the same time (ie, you must sell the stock before you buy again).

Example 1:

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Input: [2,4,1], k = 2
Output: 2
Explanation: Buy on day 1 (price = 2) and sell on day 2 (price = 4), profit = 4-2 = 2.

Example 2:

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Input: [3,2,6,5,0,3], k = 2
Output: 7
Explanation: Buy on day 2 (price = 2) and sell on day 3 (price = 6), profit = 6-2 = 4.
             Then buy on day 5 (price = 0) and sell on day 6 (price = 3), profit = 3-0 = 3.

Analysis

Basically we can use DP and state machine to solve this. Just one thing to remember, you need to first check if the k is bigger enough so that we can buy and sell unlimited times.

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class Solution {
    public int maxProfit(int k, int[] prices) {
        if (k == 0){
            return 0;
        }
        
        int days = prices.length;
        if(k >= days / 2) {
            int maxProfit = 0;
            for(int i = 1; i < days; i++)
                if(prices[i] > prices[i - 1])
                    maxProfit += prices[i] - prices[i - 1];

            return maxProfit;
	    }
        
        int[] buy = new int[k];
        int[] sell = new int[k];
        
        Arrays.fill(buy, Integer.MIN_VALUE);
        
        for (int i = 0;i<prices.length; i++){
            int cost = prices[i];
            for (int j = 0; j < k;j++){
                if (j == 0){
                    buy[j] = Math.max(buy[j], -cost);
                }
                else{
                    buy[j] = Math.max(buy[j], sell[j-1]-cost);
                }
                
                sell[j] = Math.max(sell[j], buy[j] + cost);
            }
        }
        
        return sell[k-1];
    }
}

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